COAXIAL CABLE

This type of cable is made up of a central copper wire surrounded by a mesh of copper wires. The space between the wire and the mesh is occupied by a plastic conduit that separates the two conductors and maintains the electrical properties. The entire cable is covered by protective insulation to reduce electrical emissions. The most common example of this type of cable is television coaxial.

 

coaxial cable

 

It was originally the most widely used cable in local networks due to its high capacity and resistance to interference, but today its use is in decline.
Its biggest defect is its thickness, which limits its use in small electrical conduits and at very sharp angles.

TYPES OF COAXIAL CABLE

THICK: (thick). This cable is commonly known as "yellow cable", it was the coaxial cable used in most networks. Its capacity in terms of speed and distance is great, but the cost of cabling is high and its thickness does not allow it to be used in ducts with too many cables. This cable is used in local area networks conforming to the 10 Base 2 standard.
THIN: (fine). This cable was first used to reduce the cost of wiring networks. Its limitation is in the maximum distance that a section of the network can reach without regeneration of the signal. However, the cable is much cheaper and thinner than the thick cable and, therefore, overcomes some of the disadvantages of the thick cable. This cable is used in local area networks conforming to the 10 Base 5 standard.
Coaxial cable in general can only be used in Point to Point connections or inside the racks

 

COAXIAL CABLE MODELS

  • Standard Ethernet cable, of a special type in accordance with IEEE 802.3 10 BASE 5 standards. It is also called "thick" coaxial cable, and has an impedance of 50 Ohms. The connector it uses is of the "N" type.
  • Thin Ethernet coaxial cable, also called RG 58, with an impedance of 50 Ohms. The connector used is of the BNC type.
  • RG 62 type coaxial cable, with an impedance of 93 Ohms. It is the standard cable used in the IBM 3270 range of equipment, and also in the ARCNET network. Use a BNC connector.
  • RG 59 type coaxial cable, with an impedance of 75 Ohms. This type of cable is used, in a double version, by the WANGNET network, and it has DNC and TNC connectors.

There are also the so-calledTWINAXIAL" which are actually 2 copper wires through a single conduit.